“During the first half of 2025, U.S. seaborne grain shipments increased 9% y/y, driven by stronger maize exports,” says Filipe Gouveia, shipping analysis manager at BIMCO. “While an increase in import tariffs
Source: BIMCO
“During the first half of 2025, U.S. seaborne grain shipments increased 9% y/y, driven by stronger maize exports,” says Filipe Gouveia, shipping analysis manager at BIMCO. “While an increase in import tariffs led to a 57% y/y drop in volumes to China, the U.S. has been able to find alternative markets for most of its cargoes/“
In March 2025, China introduced higher tariffs on U.S. grain shipments, significantly reducing the competitiveness of U.S. cargoes. As a result, the share of U.S. grain cargoes destined for China plunged from 26% in the first half of 2024 to just 10% in 2025. To compensate for the decline, the U.S. increased shipments to other markets in Asia, Latin America and the Mediterranean.
Still, the shift in markets did not fully offset losses in certain commodities, says Gouveia. U.S. soy bean exports fell 10% y/y and sorghum exports 89% y/y, as China remains a dominant player in these trades. Notably, 67% of global soy bean shipments
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